2014.04 國際法相關時事彙整
本期編輯名單：
張倍銓、李維崧、賴育佑、張雅筑、連建成、沈秉怡、吳思亞、居安
國際人權法
2014.04.11
China upholds four-year sentence of activist Xu Zhiyong
Chinese authorities have rejected an appeal by imprisoned rights advocate Xu Zhiyong, as a publisher released his autobiography – and his beleaguered civic group, the New Citizens Movement, launched a website – in a concerted gesture of defiance.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/11/china-upholds-sentence-activist-xu-zhiyong
2014.04.15
Four Chinese rights lawyers allege torture by police
Tang Jitian recalls being taken into a room, his head covered in a black hood, and hearing the sound of a rope being pulled. The handcuffs behind him were jerked upward and soon he was dangling in the air.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/15/chinese-rights-lawyers-police-torture
2014.04.17
Ugandan men to go on trial on homosexuality charges
Two Ugandan men will go on trial next month accused of homosexuality, the first people to be charged since a controversial new anti-gay law was passed.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/17/ugandan-men-trial-homosexuality-charges
2014.04.23
Texas prisons violate international human rights standards, report says
Summer in Texas prisons is so sweltering that the heat violates international human rights standards and has caused the deaths of at least 14 inmates since 2007, according to a new study.
2014.04.29
Egypt court sentences hundreds of Muslim Brotherhood supporters to death
An Egyptian court has sentenced the leader of the now-banned Muslim Brotherhood and hundreds of supporters to death, state television said Monday. http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/28/world/africa/egypt-politics/
2014.04.30
Pakistan failing to protect journalists, says Amnesty
Pakistan’s authorities have “almost completely failed” to protect journalists, says human rights group Amnesty International in a new report.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-27207448
國際人道法
2014.04.10
Central African Republic: UN votes to send peacekeepers
The UN Security Council has voted to send a 12,000-strong force to the Central African Republic (CAR).UN chief Ban Ki-moon has warned of “ethno-religious cleansing” in CAR, with lynchings, decapitations and sexual violence going unpunished.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-26972989
2014.04.14
Chaos as Libya’s war crimes ‘trial of the century’ fails to produce Gaddafi’s sons
The war crimes trial of two of Muammar Gaddafi’s sons and top officials descended into chaos in Tripoli on Monday, with neither son appearing and most observers barred from attending.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/14/libya-war-crimes-trial-gaddafi-sons-observers-barred
2014.04.15
The Hague: Charges Stand for Mladic
Judges on Tuesday refused to throw out two charges of genocide against the former Bosnian Serb military commander Ratko Mladic, saying there is enough evidence for his war-crimes trial to continue on all counts.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/16/world/europe/the-hague-charges-stand-for-mladic.html?_r=0
2014.04.19
Syria on track to meet April deadline for chemical weapons disposal, OPCW says
Syria has destroyed a majority of its chemical weapons material, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons said Saturday.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/19/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html?iref=allsearch
2014.04.21
South Sudan conflict: Bentiu ‘ethnic slaughter’ condemned
Hundreds of people were killed because of their ethnicity after South Sudan rebels seized the oil hub of Bentiu last week, the UN has said.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27102643
2014.04.29
Syria: New Barrel Bombs Hit Aleppo
The Syrian government is indiscriminately striking civilians and civilian objects in Aleppo with unguided, high-explosive barrel bombs. The attacks continue despite a United Nations Security Council Resolution unanimously passed on February 22, 2014, demanding that all parties in Syria cease the indiscriminate use of barrel bombs and other weapons in populated areas. The UN will meet to discuss its second round of reporting on compliance with the resolution on April 30.
http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/04/28/syria-new-barrel-bombs-hit-aleppo
國際武裝衝突
2014.04.02
Rights group: more than 150,000 dead in Syria conflict
The death toll in the three-year Syrian conflict has exceeded 150,000, a British-based human rights group announced on Tuesday.
http://jurist.org/paperchase/2014/04/rights-group-more-than-150000-dead-in-syria-conflict.php
2014.04.06
Israel launches airstrikes against ‘terror sites’ in Gaza
Israeli warplanes struck five targets in Gaza on Saturday evening in “retaliation” for what a military spokesman called “terrorist aggression.”
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/05/world/meast/israel-gaza-strikes/index.html
2014.04.11
68 killed as Islamist groups fight each other in Syria, group says
Rival Islamist factions battled each other for a second straight day in eastern Syria on Friday — a fight that so far has killed 68 militants, a Britain-based Syrian opposition group said.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/11/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html
2014.04.14
28 killed in violence across Iraq
A car bomb went off in the restive northern Iraqi city of Mosul on Sunday, killing nine people, while 10 others were killed in clashes there, security officials said.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/13/world/meast/iraq-violence/index.html
2014.04.15
Jordan’s ambassador to Libya is kidnapped in Tripoli
Jordan’s ambassador to Libya was kidnapped Tuesday in central Tripoli, the foreign ministries of both nations said.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/15/world/meast/libya-ambassador-kidnapped/index.html
2014.04.21
Source: ‘Massive’ attack targets al Qaeda in Yemen
An operation targeting al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula is under way in Abyan and Shabwa, Yemen, a high-level Yemeni government official who is being briefed on the strikes told CNN on Monday.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/20/world/meast/yemen-drone-strike/index.html
2014.04.28
Ukraine: skirmishes threaten wider conflict
The crisis in Ukraine deepened following clashes between pro-Russian separatists and armed forces despatched to the east of the country by the new Kiev regime. In response, Russia ordered new military exercises on its border with Ukraine. At the same time, US troops were deployed in Poland for military exercises.
國際經貿法
2014.04.08
EU launches WTO action against Russia over pork ban
The European Union today launched a case in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) against a Russian ban on imports of pigs and pork from the EU.
2014.04.16
Russia mulls lawsuit against U.S. in WTO over sanctions
Russia is looking at the possibility of filing a lawsuit against the United States in the World Trade Organisation over sanctions hitting Russian banks, Economy Minister Alexei Ulyukayev said on Wednesday, according to Russian news agencies.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/16/us-russia-banks-wto-idUSBREA3F0PZ20140416
2014.04.17
China to Appeal WTO Rare-Earth Ruling
China’s Ministry of Commerce said it plans to file an appeal Thursday against the World Trade Organization’s ruling that the country’s export restrictions on rare-earth minerals violated global rules.
http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304626304579506551522446682
2014.04.26
WTO To Consider Five Australia Plain Packaging Disputes Under One Panel
The World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body yesterday agreed to establish two more panels in a dispute against Australia’s plain packaging for tobacco products, bringing the total to five. And it was agreed that a single panel will be appointed to study the five complaints.
2014.04.28
India launches safeguard investigation on “not-alloyed ingots of unwrought aluminium”
On 28 April 2014, India notified the WTO’s Committee on Safeguards that it initiated on 7 April 2014 a safeguard investigation on “not-alloyed ingots of unwrought aluminium”.
http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news14_e/safe_ind_28apr14_e.htm
2014.04.29
WTO re-iterates partial support for Mexico claim against US over tuna trade
The Word Trade Organization (WTO) has re-iterated its ruling that the use of dolphin-safe labeling by United States trade authorities lacks genuine regulatory value.
國際海洋法
2014.04.07
Volcanic island eats another off Japan
NASA’s Earth Observatory reports that Niijima island, a volcano which broke through the ocean’s surface last November, has now merged with a nearby island that formed from a volcano which last erupted 40 years ago.
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/07/world/asia/volcanic-islands-merge/
2014.04.14
Chinese vessels spotted in Japanese EEZ
Three Chinese vessels were spotted sailing in the contiguous zone just outside Japan’s territorial waters near the disputed Senkaku Islands Monday in the East China Sea, the Japan Coast Guard said.
2014.04.14
Putin orders proposals on continental shelf external borders in Sea of Okhotsk
Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a list of instructions on the issue of Russia’s rights to the continental shelf in the northern and central parts of the Sea of Okhotsk.
2014.04.15
Russia settles Arctic borders
The Ministry of Justice, the Defense Ministry and the FSB will, in particular, busy themselves with registration of the rights on the Russian continental shelf in the Northern and Central parts of the Sea of Okhotsk.
http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_04_15/Russia-settles-Arctic-borders-4317/
2014.04.15
Bolivia files ICJ claim over Chilean sea access
Bolivian President Evo Morales has presented before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) a 200-page legal dossier, claiming access to the sea from Chile.
http://www.buenosairesherald.com/article/157115/bolivia-files-icj-claim-over-chilean-sea-access
國際環境法
2014.04.07
湄公河峰會 探討水壩建設爭議
湄公河流域四個國家柬埔寨、寮國、泰國和越南召開峰會並達成共識，四國需要更多地研究該地區人口增長、用水需求和氣候變化所帶來的日益增長的挑戰。寮國實施的兩個水壩工程格外引人關注。越南敦促寮國在2015年進一步研究完成前推遲工程。
http://e-info.org.tw/node/98510
2014.04.11
美修溼地保護法案 有效期限延至2017
美國參議院的環境與公共事務委員會（Senate Environment and Public Works Committee）修正北美洲溼地保護延長法案（the North American Wetlands Conservation Extension Act, NAWCA S. 741），讓該法案的法律效力延長至2017年。
http://e-info.org.tw/node/98547
2014.04.14
無視禁令 日申請重回南極捕鯨
國際法院上月底下令禁止日本進行科研捕鯨，然而日本鯨類研究所於11日向美國西雅圖地方法院提出簡報，表明最快將恢復在南冰洋的科學捕鯨計畫。環保組織海洋牧者協會指出，日本還將向美國法院申請對該協會美國總部及其他相關實體發出永久禁制令，以防止海洋牧者再阻撓日本捕鯨船行動，已公然違反國際法院裁定。
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/paper/770456
2014.04.14
美環署敲定五年計畫 聚焦氣候變遷、環境正義
美國環保署14日宣布其2014至2018年的五年策略計畫。環保署形容這個計畫是「中央和地方政府、部落、聯邦機關、商業和工業領袖，以務實的合作方式達成環境公益的新紀元」。
http://e-info.org.tw/node/98808
2014.04.15
聯合國報告：控制全球升溫 急需改革能源與產業結構
聯合國政府間氣候變遷專門委員會（IPCC）13日在柏林發表了第五份氣候變遷報告（AR5）的第三專章，指出全球必須停止依賴石化燃料，以避免氣候變遷帶來毀滅性的改變。
http://e-info.org.tw/node/98630
2014.04.15
從臺美環保合作談「國際環境夥伴計畫」
行政院環境保護署與美國環保署在過去20年的合作中，「駐美國臺北經濟文化代表處與美國在台協會環境保護技術合作協定」架構下，共執行193項合作計畫。4月14日「國際環境夥伴計畫」成立，目前內容包括土壤及地下水污染、空氣品質保護、溫室氣體排放減量、電子電器廢棄物品回收管理、環境執法、環境教育……等多種項目。
http://ivy5.epa.gov.tw/enews/fact_Newsdetail.asp?InputTime=1030415191919
國際智慧財產權
2014.04.03
USPTO Creates Office Of International Patent Cooperation
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) today announced the creation of a new Office of International Patent Cooperation (OIPC), aimed at implementation of US patent cooperation efforts and helping to harmonize patent systems for the benefit of businesses and others.
http://www.ip-watch.org/2014/04/03/uspto-creates-office-of-international-patent-cooperation/
2014.04.04
Google Wins Domain Case against “Googleglass” Website
Google has successfully defended its Google Glass name in an internet domain dispute in Europe, reported by the World Intellectual Property Organization today. The domain name in question is googleglass.es, which was still live as of press time and offering official-looking Google Glass products and news.
http://www.ip-watch.org/2014/04/04/google-wins-domain-case-against-googleglass-website/
2014.04.25
China ratifies WIPO audiovisual treaty
China’s top legislature on Thursday ratified the Beijing Treaty on audiovisual performances, a document overseen by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
http://www.ecns.cn/business/2014/04-25/111108.shtml
2014.04.28
US takes Philippines off intellectual property watch list
The Obama administration says that the Philippines has fixed its problems protecting intellectual property enough to take it off of a special watch list on the issue.
2014.04.30
Four More WIPO Members Sign Marrakesh Treaty For Visually Impaired
During a signing ceremony held today at the World Intellectual Property Organization, the European Union, France, Greece and India signed the treaty adopted last June to provide a wider access to copyrighted books in special format for visually impaired people.